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The Tarangire National Park, established in 1970, is named after the Tarangire River that runs through the centre of the Park from south to northwest and drains into Lake Burungi. This river is a permanent source of water and a large number of game congregates along its banks year round, particularly in the dry season. Elephant herds of over 300 hundred have been spotted along the river. Wildlife often relies on the nearby baobab trees that become hollow and fill with rainwater.
Tarangire National Park's vegetation is a mixture of acacia tortilis, riparian woodland, riverine and savannah grassland, commiphora woodland and baobab trees. The diverse wildlife evident in the Park includes elephant, lesser and greater kudu, buffalo, cheetah, fringe-eared oryx, leopard, lion, Masai giraffe, spotted hyena, common zebra, eastern white-bearded wildebeest, warthog, eland, olive baboon, bat-eared fox, impala, common waterbuck, bushbuck, coke's hartebeest and Bohor reedbuck.
The Tarangire National Park has more than 550 species of birds. Some of the birds most commonly seen are: ashy starling, yellow collared lovebird, rufous-tailed weaver, black collared lovebird, goliath heron, hamerkop, bateleur, helmeted guineafowl, kori bustard, long-toed lapwing, brown parrot, white-bellied go-away-bird, Madagascar bee-eater, African hoopoe, and a variety of kingfishers, weavers, owls, doves, plovers, sand pipers, francolins and ducks.
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